:has is an unforgiving selector | CSS-Tricks
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A little thing happened on the way to publishing the CSS :has()
selector to the ol’ Almanac. I had originally described :has()
as a “forgiving” selector, the idea being that anything in its argument is evaluated, even if one or more of the items is invalid.
/* Example: Do not use! */
article:has(h2, ul, ::-scoobydoo) { }
See ::scoobydoo
in there? That’s totally invalid. A forgiving selector list ignores that bogus selector and proceeds to evaluate the rest of the items as if it were written like this:
article:has(h2, ul) { }
:has()
was indeed a forgiving selector in a previous draft dated May 7, 2022. But that changed after an issue was reported that the forgiving nature conflicts with jQuery when :has()
contains a complex selector (e.g. header h2 + p
). The W3C landed on a resolution to make :has()
an “unforgiving” selector just a few weeks ago.
So, our previous example? The entire selector list is invalid because the bogus selector is invalid. But the other two forgiving selectors, :is()
and :where()
, are left unchanged.
There’s a bit of a workaround for this. Remember, :is()
and :where()
are forgiving, even if :has()
is not. That means we can nest either of the those selectors in :has()
to get more forgiving behavior:
article:has(:where(h2, ul, ::-scoobydoo)) { }
Which one you use might matter because the specificity of :is()
is determined by the most specific item in its list. So, if you need to something less specific you’d do better reaching for :where()
since it does not add to the specificity score.
/* Specificity: (0,0,1) */
article:has(:where(h2, ul, ::-scoobydoo)) { }
/* Specificity: (0,0,2) */
article:has(:is(h2, ul, ::-scoobydoo)) { }
We updated a few of our posts to reflect the latest info. I’m seeing plenty of others in the wild that need to be updated, so just a little PSA for anyone who needs to do the same.
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